安义瓦灰鸡早期生长规律研究

通过对不同羽速基因及不同性别安义瓦灰鸡的早期生长规律进行研究,结果表明:不同性别安义瓦灰鸡的早期生长规律有较大差异(P<0.01),不同羽速基因安义瓦灰鸡的早期生长规律差异不显著;安义瓦灰鸡的生长速度与出壳重无关,出壳重只影响其育雏期的体重;性别对体重的影响较晚,且公鸡大于母鸡。     

涉农纠纷化解机制主体职能研究简

从涉农纠纷的现状和涉农纠纷化解机制的现状出发,分析涉农纠纷化解机制存在的问题及完善多元主体互动化解涉农纠纷的必要性,优化不同主体在化解涉农纠纷过程中的职能.     

原鸡与茶花鸡杂交F_1代体尺性状与体重相关性分析

以原鸡(Gallus Gallus)与茶花鸡杂交F1代为试验对象,采用通径分析方法研究了第四到第十周龄体尺性状与体重间的相关关系。结果表明:各体尺性状与体重存在一定的相关性,相关密切程度存在周龄间差异。第四、六周龄时,体斜长与体重相关性最大、胸骨长其次、胫长次之,胸深和髋宽最小;第八、十周龄时,胸骨长与体重相关性最大、胫长其次、体斜长次之。生长前期体斜长、胫长对体重直接作用较大,后期胸骨长作用最大。对体重决定程度各周龄按大小依次排列为:第四、六周龄时体斜长、体斜长与髋宽及体斜长与胫长的共同作用等,第八周龄时体斜长、胫长等,第十周龄时主要为胸骨长、其它性状决定系数均偏小。由此,生长发育前期应加强对体斜长和胫长的选择力度,后期则应加强对胸骨长的选择力度。研究结果将对野生原鸡的开发利用和家鸡的杂交改良、选育实践具有实际意义。     

眼椭圆在汽车车身设计中的应用

眼椭圆是汽车人机工程设计的主要工具,汽车驾驶员眼椭圆的确立为研究汽车视野性能提供了科学的依据。以汽车风窗刮扫面积和A立柱盲区的确定为例介绍了眼椭圆在汽车车身设计中的应用。     

四川短尾鼩不同体重个体分布及种群繁殖力变化

对贵州省大方县1996 ～2012年采集的134只四川短尾鼩体重进行统计分析,结果表明:四川短尾鼩体重最低为12.20 g,最高达48.00 g,平均体重为(31.12±6.48)g,其雌、雄个体体重分布均呈常态分布,个体体重主要分布在22.1 ～40.0 g之间,占总兽类数的85.07％,是活动能力较强的个体.四川短尾鼩达到性成熟的体重界线为22.0 g,怀孕个体最低体重为26.00 g,睾丸下降个体最低体重为23.80 g,随着个体的增长,体重的增加,种群繁殖力不断增强,体重达30.0 g以上时,种群繁殖力迅速增加,平均怀孕率、睾丸下降率和繁殖指数分别为43.75％、80.95％和1.53,说明体重达30.0 g以上个体大部分已达到性成熟,是参与繁殖的主要个体.     

Effects of processing on physical characteristics of diets with distinct levels of carbohydrates and lipids: the outcomes on the growth of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

The use efficiency and feed conversion of extruded and pelletized diets were compared. Eight isoproteic diets (220 g kg⁻¹ digestible protein) were assayed for 90 days in a 2 × 2 × 2 multifactorial design with two carbohydrate levels (400 and 500 g kg⁻¹), two lipids levels (40 and 80 g kg⁻¹) and two diet processing (pelletization and extrusion) with three repetitions. The growth of Piaractus mesopotamicus fed with these diets and the quality control indices of diets were gauged. The density of extruded diets was lower as carbohydrate level was 400 g kg⁻¹ and lipid 40 g kg⁻¹. The interaction carbohydrate and diet processing presented higher leaching value for low carbohydrate level in extruded diet. Fish fed with extruded diets presented the best feed conversion and protein efficiency ratio. When high levels of carbohydrate and lipid are combined, the weight gain is impaired. The interaction between diet processing diet and lipid levels resulted in the best fish performance when pelletized diets with 40 g kg⁻¹ lipid or extruded diets with 80 g kg⁻¹ lipid were considered. The protein efficiency ratio increased with the increment of carbohydrates in the pelletized diets. The fish show low tolerance to lipids and a preference for carbohydrate when the lipid productive values are taken into account.     

Variation of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) body composition along sedimentary links*

Johnston P, Bergeron NE. Variation of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) body composition along sedimentary links.
Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 187–196. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – The objective of this study was to determine the proximate body composition of juvenile Atlantic salmon along the sequence of aquatic habitat types created by longitudinal changes in the riverbed substrate of two rivers (i.e., sedimentary links units). Interesting trends in the body composition were observed but our initial hypothesis, that fish of the upstream sections have higher energy content, was nevertheless not verified. No common longitudinal pattern was detected in the body composition (water, lipid, energy density) along the studied rivers. Trends in the body constituents were different between age‐classes and rivers, whereas they were highly variable within‐ and among‐samples. There was however a common trend in the pattern of variations, with the coefficient of variations increasing in the downstream direction for almost all constituents, age‐classes and rivers. Potential abiotic and biotic factors that might have contributed to these observations are discussed.     

斑点叉尾［鱼回］苗种全长与体重的关系

本文运用生物学统计方法对2700尾斑点叉尾［鱼回］苗种全长与体重的关系进行了研究。结果表明，在本试验条件下，斑点叉尾［鱼回］苗种全长主要集中在15．5—17．5cm，体重主要集中在20～35g；体重与全长之间存在极显著相关关系；体重与全长之间的关系主要表现为幂函数关系，其关系式为Y=0．009X2．933。     

驱除牛肝片形吸虫及消化道圆形线虫与体增重相关性的研究

通过寄生虫区系调查和临床检验，发现肝片形吸虫及消化道圆形线虫感染普遍。因此，应用硝氯酚和左旋咪唑给牛驱虫，并观察牛的虫卵减少率与体增重的关系。结果用药组的体增重与对照组比，硝氯酚组平均多增重２６．１ｋｇ／头；左旋咪唑７８．９ｋｇ／头。     

一种真鲷球形病毒的形态及细胞病理学电子显微镜观察

对１９９５年青岛地区患病真鲷肝脏、肠上皮组织、贤脏、鳃等组织进行电镜观察，发现一种球形病毒，该病毒具有囊腊，直径为８０￣１００ｎｍ，在核和细胞质中均形成不规则形态包涵体；细胞病理变化表现为核内染色质变性，核膜水肿变形且部分溶解，内质网膨胀，胞质内有大量游离核糖体分布，线粒体外膜及内嵴变形且有少量溶解。